Using a catalyst

There are provided an improved thermal reactor apparatus for, and an improved method of, purifying exhaust gases, particularly from a motor vehicle, wherein thermal oxidation and catalytic oxidation of the CO and HC contents of the exhaust gases and/or catalytic reduction of the NO.sub.x contents of...     

A catalytic converter for the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine has an internal by-pass structure in which the position of a bed temperature responsive valve determines whether inlet gas will flow through or around the catalyst bed.

Air is pumped into the engine exhaust manifold to promote oxidation of unburned remnants in exhaust gas when the temperature in a catalytic converter is below a safe level. The air supply to the exhaust manifold is shut off and air is pumped into the catalytic converter to cool it if the temperature...     

A catalyst converter for purifying the exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine, including a catalyst holder disposed in a casing connected at one end to an exhaust manifold of the engine and at the other end to an exhaust pipe, members for defining passages for the exhaust gas in the casing, and...     

An exhaust gas catalyst mounting, especially for motor vehicles, which so clamps a catalyst body in an exhaust line that it is protected against exhaust gas oscillations and/or vehicle vibrations; the mounting of the catalyst body inside the exhaust line being elastic in both the radial and axial directions.

The useful life of a catalyst being used in an engine exhaust system to lower the undesirable constituents in the exhaust gas of an engine being operated on gasoline containing a cyclopentadienyl manganese antiknock is greatly prolonged by providing an exhaust system having a plurality of substantially...     

A catalytic reactor of oval cross section comprises a generally cylindrical catalytic substrate clamped between paired housing shells and spaced therefrom by a mesh support that extends around the oval periphery of the substrate and slightly overlaps the latter's axially opposite ends to provide locating...     

Combination muffler and catalytic converter utilizes an axial flow monolithic catalytic element to treat exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine and partially reduce their sound. A perforated chamber around the catalytic element, a downstream perforated tube, and an upstream flow reversal chamber...     

The useful life of a catalyst being used in an engine exhaust system to lower the undesirable constituents in the exhaust gas of an engine being operated on gasoline containing a cyclopentadienyl manganese antiknock is greatly prolonged by providing an exhaust system having a plurality of baffles in...     

A shield member has a channel which receives therein an exhaust purifier and is formed with at least one hole in that region on the bottom wall of the channel which is not disposed under the exhaust purifier.

A muffler for internal combustion engines to afford a better approach to the solution of air pollution problems due to unburned fuel fractions. The muffler is of the catalytic type and has a flattened structure, with the flow of the exhaust gases through the catalyst taking place in a substantially downward...     

Device for holding a granular catalyst suitable for use in the decontamination of exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine. The device comprises a housing which is closed by means of end plates and provided with a gas inlet and gas outlet and in which there is disposed a sleeve having perforated...     

A device for purifying exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine comprises a tubular housing with an exhaust gas inlet at one end and an exhaust gas discharge at the opposite end, and with a catalyst carrier disposed in the housing between the inlet and the discharge, which has a plurality of axially...     

A catalytic converter unit of the type used in internal combustion engine exhaust systems has a monolithic refractory catalyst element which is axially retained by means of annular spring washers.

The useful life of a catalyst being used in an engine exhaust system to lower the undesirable constituents in the exhaust gas of an engine being operated on gasoline containing a cyclopentadienyl manganese antiknock is greatly prolonged by providing an exhaust system having a plurality of substantially...     

The exhaust gas purification device includes an exhaust manifold, a purification cylinder connected with the exhaust manifold through a first honey-comb shaped catalyst, and a second honey-comb shaped catalyst positioned at the rear portion of the purification cylinder. Each catalyst is supported by...     

A catalytic device for the decomposition of nitric oxide comprises a highly conjugated polymer possessing a high concentration of free electrons on sites of the catalyst. In a preferred form, for use in automobile engine exhausts, the polymer is pyrolized polyacrylonitrile.

An internal combustion engine exhaust gas catalytic converter has a simplified basic construction--using only vertically disposed inner and outer louvered tubes defining a radial flow bead catalyst bed, and a pair of shell members embracing the upper and lower ends of the inner and outer tubes to retain...     

A catalytic converter for removing noxious pollutants from exhaust gases particularly emitted from an automobile internal combustion engine comprises a housing having a pair of longitudinally spaced catalyst containers mounted therein between inlet and outlet. The housing is constituted by a top housing...     

An exhaust muffler has a monolithic honeycomb catalyst mounted within an oblong shaped casing. An inlet conveys exhaust gas into one end of the casing and an outlet flows the exhaust gas away from the other end. At its end spaced from the casing the inlet is generally round while its end connected to...     

Catalytic converter assembly which has no case around the monolith element is retained between its inlet and outlet plenums by a plurality of spring loaded retaining members. The design eliminates the necessity for the usual wire mesh mounting material and the failures which can result when the mesh...     

An exhaust cleaner containing a catalyst material and intended for temporary use on a motor car is arranged as a portable or transportable unit. It is provided with means for suspension on the car and with means for passing the exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe of the car through the catalyst material....     

A catalytic converter includes a double-walled enclosure including inner and outer shells one positioned inside the other to define an annular adiabatic space therebetween, a perforated outer sleeve positioned inside the double walled enclosure with an outer chamber defined between it and the inner shell,...     

A compensating member is provided in a conventional automotive engine carburetor, which is used with an electronic closed loop control system, in order to finely adjust a rate of air flow being delivered to a fuel passage extending between a discharge nozzle and a float bowl, and thereby performing a...     

Disclosed is a vehicle exhaust system containing a three-way catalytic converter. An insulated flexible duct connects the outlet of the engine exhaust manifold with the inlet of the three-way catalytic converter to retain the exhaust engine gases at a temperature greater than the ignition temperature...     

An improved catalytic gas generator, of the type used, for example, in a monopropellant hydrazine rocket engine includes a dynamic catalyst bed retention device. The dynamic retention device comprises a compression band surrounding a generally cylindrical catalyst bed that is axially restrained at both...     

A catalytic converter comprises a monolithic catalyst within a casing, a gas seal member disposed around a part of the catalyst outer surface, a wire netting disposed around the remaining part of the catalyst outer surface and interposed between the casing inner surface and the catalyst outer surface,...     

A device for supporting a cylindrical catalyst block includes a tubular cushion member mounted within a casing and encircling the catalyst block. An end member fixed within the casing carries an annular cushion. A ring is interposed between the annular cushion and the end face of the catalyst block....     

A catalytic converter includes ring-shaped cushion members of differing bulk densities at each axial end of a catalyzer carrier, a first cushion member which is supported by a casing of the converter being of lesser bulk density than that of a second cushion member which is interposed between said first...     

Thermal shock resistant catalytic monolithic structures are described comprising split-cylinders with flow-through passages. Such structures are especially useful as combustor catalysts and their use in catalytic combustors permits much more rapid start-up and cool down than with conventional monolithic...     

A system for collecting and catalytically cleaning exhaust gases from an engine which is particularly suited for an arrangement wherein the catalyst is in close proximity to the exhaust ports of the engine. Exhaust pipes are employed having common walls extending longitudinally therethrough to separate...     

A catalytic converter comprises a generally elongated housing having gas inlet and outlet at its opposite ends, at least first and second catalyst carriers held in position inside the housing in axially spaced relation, a spacer assembly positioned inside the housing between the first and second catalyst...     

In an engine muffler of heat-exchanging type three basic components of a muffler casing, a catalyst casing and a heat-exchanger casing are individually manufactured as separate structural components and then have their flanges connected overlappingly and fastened together by clamping means, whereby fabrication...     

A heat-shielding plate is placed on a surface of automotive exhaust means. The heat-shielding plate has a fitting portion to be fixed to a portion of said exhaust means by bolt means, a heat-shielding plate body for covering the portion of the exhaust means, and a mesh portion disposed between the fitting...     

A universal heat shield which may be varied in length and shape to fit a variety of mufflers, catalytic converters, and the like, is disclosed. A pair of metal sheets, each of which includes a pair of planar members intersecting at a crease line, a pair of slots and a pair of tabs, are fastened to each...     

A catalytic converter includes a longitudinally disposed body portion having first and second shell halves and an interior in which first and second catalytic substrates are disposed. A divider is positioned between the first and second catalytic substrates and is selectively attachable to accommodate...     

A solid-gas contact reactor for dirty exhaust gas is characterized by a first dust-proof plate provided on contact areas between a lower surface of a support base for supporting packages of catalyst layers in each stage and a reactor wall so that the first dust-proof plate makes an angle equal to or...     

Combination noise and emission control apparatus comprising: an enclosed cylindrical housing for connection with the exhaust of an internal combustion engine and including noise reduction components mounted in the housing for reducing noise emitted from the engine and converter components mounted in...     

An "in-line" exhaust processor includes a housing having an inlet for introducing a combustion product from an engine and an outlet for exhausting filtered or otherwise treated combustion product from the housing. A first substrate is situated in a forward or upstream position within the housing to filter...     

An exhaust system for the internal combustion engine of an automotive vehicle comprises a diecast housing of an aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloy in the form of a boxlike housing part provided with a removable cover affording access to a replaceable rectangular parallelepipedal filter cartridge which...     

An internal combustion engine exhaust gas catalytic converter has coaxial inner and outer louvered tubes which define an annular catalyst bed. An outer shell coaxial with the inner and outer louvered tubes define a portion of a gas flow path downstream from the catalytic bed. The downstream flow portion...     

A catalytic converter has a gas pervious catalyst support member extending across a housing and dividing the housing into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The catalyst support member has two parallel spaced apart upper and lower foraminous sheets which undulate across the width of the container...     

A catalytic converter in which exhaust gases to be treated are introduced into a housing containing a catalytic material. Air is introduced into the lower portion of the housing to fluidize the catalytic material and promote the reaction between the material and the exhaust gases to remove poisonous...     

A pressure-wave machine for supercharging internal combustion engines having a cellular wheel with surfaces coated with catalyst material.

A loose material catalyzer disposed in the exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine for purifying the exhaust gases thereof. The catalyzer includes a housing having a cylindrical wall. A first perforated plate is disposed in the housing essentially perpendicular to the cylindrical wall thereof,...     

An exhaust processor assembly is provided for processing a flow of combustion product supplied by a source. The processor assembly has a housing including an inlet coupled to the source for admitting combustion product into the housing. The inlet includes first and second diverging nozzles interconnected...     

There is provided a fluid conduit comprising a housing, at least a pair of accordion folded corrugated thin metal elements disposed in the housing, and at least one longitudinally extending metal strut for reinforcing the core members against twisting and consequent axial displacement.

A catalytic converter device is provided for use in connection with internal combustion engines, stationary turbines and steam boilers, in which a plurality of individually framed and mesh-encased catalyst support tiles, are held in a single basket positioned within the body of the catalytic converter....     

A pressure wave supercharger utilizes a rotor having closely spaced conduits in a rectangular array whose inside surfaces are provided with a catalyst for exothermic oxidation of incompletely burned exhaust gases. The size, geometry and length of the conduits are arranged to achieve maximum energy transfer...     

Exhaust system for combustion engines, which comprises of a longtiudinally extending tubular member (1), in direction from a first end portion having a number of smooth portions (2, 2') alternating arranged with corrugated portions (3, 3'). At least one insert is arranged insertable into the longitudinally...     

An exhaust system for a V-type six-cylinder engine having first and second banks each having three engine cylinders. The exhaust system includes first and second exhaust systems which are respectively connected to the first and second banks to be supplied with exhaust gas from the engine cylinders. Each...     

Subject of the invention is a diesel-soot filter with catalytically-active coating for reducing the ignition temperature of the diesel-soot deposited on a filter, the active substance of the coating being a metal-doped zeolite.

An emission control unit is mounted in the exhaust line of a fossil fuel internal combustion engine and includes a tubular housing in which a lime sleeve is received. The sleeve has an axial opening through which a corona wire extends. Exhaust gasses pass through the sleeve along the wire. Placing a...     

There is provided an improved electrically heated accordion folded corrugated thin metal catalytic converter for hydrocarbon or alcohol fueled engine exhaust, particularly internal combustion engine exhaust, having a simplified construction and characterized in that the entire corrugated thin metal monolith,...     

A handleable, flexible, crack resistant intumescent sheet material for use in mounting fragile structures comprising a preformed intumescent layer, and a reinforcing layer bonded to the intumescent layer and having a tensile strength greater that the intumescent layer.

Improved emission control apparatus for use with an internal combustion engine having a housing with an inlet and outlet, the outlet being connected to the exhaust of the engine. Mounted in the housing at spaced locations are first and second catalytic cells through which the engine exhaust gases pass...     

A catalytic converter utilizing a resilient, flexible shot-free ceramic fiber containing mounting mat for mounting a monolith within a metallic casing is disclosed. The mounting mat may be comprised of shot-free ceramic fibers alone or preferably is comprised of a composite of shot-free ceramic fibers...     

An exhaust processor is provided for filtering particulate matter from a combustion product. The exhaust processor includes a housing providing a main passageway having a substrate mounted therein for solid particle filtration. The housing also provides an auxiliary passageway containing a muffler for...     

A catalyst according to the invention with its cooling package is an easily exchangeable unit that is plugged into an existing silencing device. The catalyst (29) is integrated with a perforated radiation protection and distribution plate (26) in front of it and furthermore with another plate behind...     

A low restriction exhaust treatment apparatus having a hollow outer shell into which a means for treating exhaust gas emitted from an internal combustion engine is disposed, end portions disposed at each end of the outer shell to sealingly close the inner portion of the shell, and end tubes inserted...     

An exhaust gas cleaning device for a motor vehicle is constructed of a metal casing open at both ends thereof and a honeycomb core body fixedly enclosed within the metal casing. The honeycomb core body has been formed by superposing a planar band made of a metal sheet and a corrugated band made from...     

In an exhaust gas cleaning apparatus, at least two honeycomb core bodies each carrying a cleaning catalyst are arranged, with at least one axial space therebetween, in a metal casing having an enlarged-diameter portion. The outer peripheral surfaces of the core bodies are fixed to the inner surface of...     

A catalytic converter for use in an automobile exhaust gas system suitable for use with an alcohol-containing fuel is provided. Preferably, the catalytic converter contains a palladium-impregnated ceramic honeycomb monolith disposed upstream of a platinum/rhodium-impregnated ceramic honeycomb monolith...     

A catalytic converter for purification of exhaust gas discharged from an automotive internal combustion engine. The catalytic converter is comprised of first and second three-way catalysts disposed in a casing. The first catalyst is located upstream of the second catalyst relative to the stream of exhaust...     

An exhaust gas cleaning device is constructed of a honeycomb core body. The honeycomb core body is formed by superposing a planar band made of a metal sheet and a corrugated band made from another metal sheet, one over the other in a contiguous relationship, and then rolling the thus-superposed planar...     

In an exhaust gas cleaning apparatus, at least two honeycomb core bodies each as an exhaust gas cleaning catalyst are arranged, with at least one axial space therebetween, in a metal casing. Each core body is composed of a sheet-like band and a corrugated band. The outer peripheral surfaces of the core...     

An exhaust gas cleaning device for a motor vehicle is constructed of a honeycomb core body formed by superposing a planar band made of a metal sheet and a corrugated band made from another metal sheet one over the other in a contiguous relationship and then rolling the thus-superposed bands into a multi-layered...     

There is provided a composite catalytic converter for removing pollutant materials from an exhaust gas stream. The converter is composed of an electrically heatable catalytic converter and a conventional ceramic catalytic converter in juxtaposed or embedded axial relationship whereby axial movement in...     

A catalytic converter for use in the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine having a rigid outer canister with a catalyst support disposed therein for movement between a first position adjacent in inlet end of the canister and a second position located in spaced relationship with said inlet...     

The present invention features an automotive catalytic converter accessory device for improving its efficiency and operational life. The accessory device comprises a housing disposed in the manifold exhaust pipe, upstream of the catalytic converter. The housing contains a hollow conduit that conveys...     

An automotive exhaust system incorporating an insulated exhaust pipe. The insulation is selected so that it is very efficient at relatively low temperatures, thereby allowing the exhaust gases to reach the light-off temperature of the catalytic converter in a short time, and less efficient at high temperatures,...     

An efficient, economical, compact diesel particulate filter comprising a casing with a plurality of concentric, spaced, perforated, supported, substantially rigid tubes substantially filling the casing radially, wherein the perforated surface of each tube is covered by a filtering element comprising...     

Improved noise and emission control apparatus for use with an internal combustion engine which include an enclosed cylindrical housing. Mounted in the housing is: noise reduction apparatus, catalytic converter apparatus and heat exchange apparatus. The heat exchange apparatus transfers heat from engine...     

The present invention features an automotive catalytic converter accessory device for improving the converter's efficiency and operational life. The accessory device has a housing disposed in the manifold exhaust pipe, upstream of the catalytic converter. The housing contains a hollow conduit that conveys...     

A dual type exhaust system is used in an automobile having an internal combustion engine with transversely mounted front and rear rows of cylinders. Two exhaust pipe assemblies extend from the front and rear rows of cylinders, respectively, toward the back of the car body. The two assemblies are arranged...     

In a catalytic converter operating method according to the present invention, a heater is energized at a predetermined power level or above and thereby heated substantially concurrently with the operation of an engine. During the heating, an oxidizing gas is introduced into the catalytic converter. When...     

A filter for removing impurities from waste gases, and especially from the waste gases of an internal combustion engine, includes a filter body consisting of a plurality of compression moulded, high temperature resistant, sintered filter plates consisting of metal powder, metal chips, metallic fibres...     

A microlith catalyst bed for use in automotive catalytic converters or gas turbine catalytic combustors. The microlith catalyst bed of the present invention advantageously utilizes a wire cloth (10) woven to form a spiral wound flat helix (or coil). Woof wires (14) are woven into warp wires (12) in a...     

An electrically regenerable diesel particulate trap or filter comprising an electrically resistive expanded metal sheet or sleeve which when energized heats the filter element to a temperature sufficient to allow the trapped soot particulates to burn.

In an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine having a main exhaust conduit with a catalytic converter arranged remote from the engine and a bypass exhaust conduit which includes a start-up catalytic converter arranged close to the engine and joins the main exhaust gas conduit ahead of said...     

In a catalytic converter operating method according to the present invention, a heater is energized at a predetermined power level or above and thereby heated substantially concurrently with the operation of an engine. During the heating, an oxidizing gas is introduced into the catalytic converter. When...     

The present invention relates to a catalytic converter including a nonwoven mat comprising shot-free, high strength, magnesium aluminosilicate glass fiber.

An exhaust processor assembly includes an exhaust pipe and a substrate for treating emissions contained in combustion product emitted from an engine exhaust. The assembly also includes a second pipe for providing a passageway receiving combustion product and the substrate means is positioned in the passageway...     

A heater is composed of (a) a honeycomb structure having a large number of passages, (b) an adsorbent composed mainly of zeolite or an adsorbent-catalyst composition comprising adsorbent and a catalyst component supported on the adsorbent, the adsorbent or adsorbent-catalyst composition being coated...     

A conical microlith catalyst reaction system for use in automotive catalytic converters or gas turbine catalytic combustors advantageously utilizes a microlith catalyst bed formed from a wire cloth (10) woven into a spiral wound flat helix (or coil). The spiral windings of the wire cloth helix are wound...     

The disclosure relates to an improved catalytic converter core which is characterized by a plurality of spaced rigid centrally located pins about which are wrapped a plurality of corrugated thin metal strips. The configuration of the resulting core is determined by the number of centrally located pins,...     

Poisoning-preventive and poisoning-resistant materials including: a poisoning-preventive layer-possessing support comprising a support and, formed thereon, a poisoning-preventive layer having a compound containing at least one element selected from the Group IIa element of the periodic table; a poisoning-resistant...     

A honeycomb heater has a honeycomb structure having a number of passages defined by partition walls, at least two electrodes in electrical contact with the honeycomb structure, a catalyst composition formed on partition walls of the honeycomb structure, including zirconia powder loaded with Rh, an inorganic...     

A catalyst vessel including an inlet at an upstream end, a plurality of catalytic chambers located downstream of the conduit, wherein at least two chambers are connected by a plate having one or more orifices therein to permit gas flow through from the first chamber to the second chamber, and wherein...     

An exhaust purifying device for reducing toxic components contained in an exhaust emanating from an internal combustion engine. The device has a casing connected at both ends thereof to an exhaust system extending from the engine, and a core received in the casing and provided with a honeycomb structure...     

A metal-made honeycomb carrier body is provided for carrying thereon an exhaust gas cleaning catalyst. The carrier body has been formed by superposing a planar metal band made of a metal sheet and a corrugated band made from another metal sheet one over the other in a contiguous relation and defines...     

A catalytic combustion apparatus has a cylindrical housing defining a fluid passage, and a plurality of combustion catalyst bodies arranged face to face along the fluid passage in the cylindrical housing. The catalyst bodies are loosely fitted in the cylindrical housing. Each catalyst body defines numerous...     

A multicellular monolith converter body having a plurality of corrugated thin metal sheets or strips in alternating relation with a thin wire mesh or frame, and which monolith has a cell density up to 100 cells per square inch. These monoliths are useful under conditions where back-pressure is a critical...     

An engine exhaust gas cleaning system including a converter section that is disposed at the rear end of the exhaust pipe and which has an outer shell that is surrounded by a further outer shell having a rearwardly disposed atmospheric air inlet and a forwardly disposed atmospheric air outlet that communicates...     

An exhaust silener for a compact 2-stroke cycle internal combustion engine has a housing, a sheet of sound absorbing material provided on the inner surface of the housing, and an oxidation catalyst means provided on the surface of the sound absorbing material. The catalyst serves to promote oxidation...     

An emissions control system for rich-burn internal combustion engines, said control system comprising: a. a reaction chamber for oxidation of exhaust gas fuel values, b. passive means to utilize reaction chamber effluent flow energy to mix cooling air into reaction chamber effluent to lower the temperature...     

There is provided a reinforced converter body, especially one useful as a "light-off" converter in a gas treating system for treating exhaust gas from internal combustion engines. The invention utilizes corrugated and flat thin metal strips in alternating relation. Reinforcement is enhanced by the use...     

An exhaust system for a marine propulsion outboard drive wherein the exhaust gases are normally discharged to the atmosphere at a point below the level of the body of water in which the watercraft is operating. A catalyst bed is provided in the exhaust system and the catalyst bed is protected from damage...     

The method of combusting fuel containing exhaust gas comprising the steps of: a. obtaining a gaseous admixture of air and said exhaust gas, said admixture having an adiabatic flame temperature below about 1400.degree. temperature; b. contacting at least a portion of said admixture with a catalytic surface...     

In an exhaust gas purifying apparatus including first and second exhaust converters composed of a honeycomb catalytic substrate, arranged in sequence from an exhaust manifold downstream along exhaust gas flow of an engine, wherein the catalytic substrate of the first converter has a heat capacity of...