Methods

A method for welding copper or a copper base alloy and iron or an iron base alloy characterized in that an element for enhancing the mutual miscibility of copper and iron and an element for refining the crystal grains of the weld metal is added to weld metal in a total amount of 1 to 25 percent by weight...     

Helium and helium base gas mixtures such as helium-hydrogen; helium-oxygen and helium-carbon dioxide have been found to improve weld penetration when used with presently available lasers to weld most steels.

An improved hose construction and method of forming the same wherein a reinforcement layer is bonded to a thermoplastic core by a solventless bonding layer defining an inner thermal weld portion substantially autogenous with the outer surface portion of the core tube and an outer portion mechanically...     

A metal layer is clad to a metal substrate by laying spaced rods or wires of a cladding metal on the substrate surface and scanning the cladding metal with a continuously operating laser beam, part of which impinges directly on the cladding metal to melt it and part of which impinges on the adjacent...     

A method of welding galvanized steel with a high energy density beam is disclosed. The high energy density can be created by an electron or laser beam with a power density of at least 4.times.10.sup.6 watts per square inch. A flux material, such as iron oxide, is disposed adjacent the welding zone, preferably...     

A cylindrical strand with a thermoplastic outer shell (e.g., plastic insulated wire) is bonded along its length to a similar or different cylindrical strand by laser heating. The strands are brought into contact with one another at a contact point. A laser beam of selected power and wavelength is directed...     

This invention concerns a method of regenerating hydroprocessing catalyst. The invention deals with a method of regenerating hydroprocessing catalyst contained within a reactor, said catalyst having been deactivated by "coke" deposition, comprising: passing into an inlet of said reactor, through said...     

A method of welding high reflectivity materials by laser radiation comprising cladding material in the area to be welded with a low reflectivity material and subsequently directing a coherent beam of laser radiation, pulsed or continuous, onto the clad material to form in the weld area a molten alloy...     

A beam welding apparatus useful for welding a plurality of workpieces spaced along a workpiece plane during a scan of the workpieces is disclosed. A scan light and a detection means are used to detect the location of each workpiece and to supply a signal for triggering a beam source into emission upon...     

In laser-beam welding apparatus, a gas jet from a first gas conduit is directed at plasma created by the interaction of the laser beam and the workpiece material, the gas jet being adapted to blow the plasma into the weld zone, a second gas conduit providing shielding gas at the region of the crossover...     

Apparatus and method for laser welding in a controllably pure gaseous environment at sub-atmospheric as well as high pressures. A workpiece to be welded is contained within a vessel having a light transmitting means which allows passage of a laser beam into the vessel. A gas stream is introduced to the...     

A continuous seam weldment is established between two strips of sheet material while the strips are moving by forming a converging Vee geometry between the moving strips, applying a pressure at the point of convergence and focusing a laser beam into the converging Vee.

A laser welding system is disclosed having a housing formed with an opening through which workpieces may be passed, and a laser for generating and directing a laser beam into a welding station within the housing. The system further includes a light trap for inhibiting light from passing from the welding...     

Copper and aluminum conductors are butt welded or corner welded by a two-part process involving heating and melting the Cu-Al interface with energy from a pulse laser and simultaneously generating a contact pressure. The laser wavelength is 1.06 micrometers or less and a single 8 millisecond pulse is...     

An apparatus and method are provided for welding portions of members disposed in edgewise abutment or overlapping relationship by means of a high intensity beam of radiation such as a laser beam or an electron beam generated by an electron gun. In one form, the two members are sheets of weldable material...     

An LSI fabrication process employs pulsed laser energy to selectively tailor individual logic elements of which the building blocks of an LSI array may be configured and to selectively interconnect these laser-configured building blocks. On an LSI chip, an array of universal logic devices or building...     

A method is disclosed for joining two or more pieces of metal along a seam line by directing a jet of liquid metal onto the seam, the surfaces of which, at the seam region of the metals to be joined, have been pre-melted just before the liquid metal jet is poured on, the pre-melting being done by an...     

In a projectile scoring system including a transmitter for illuminating the projectile and a plurality of spaced apart sensors providing signals indicative of the time of arrival of the reflected energy at each of the sensors, timing apparatus including counters activated by the sensor signals and deactivated...     

Laser beam welding apparatus for effecting a weld along a part-circular path, the apparatus is intended for use in welding end flanges to semicylindrical shells to form semi-cylindrical journal bearings, particularly those having a flange at each end. The apparatus includes a laser source (11) and pair...     

A method for simultaneously soldering the two solder covered ends of an electronic chip component to respective conductor pads. Pulsed coherent laser radiation having a predetermined energy profile is separated into two spacially separate beams and they are respectively directed toward the opposing ends...     

A non-contact laser/ultrasonic welding technique for strengthening the con laser weld by the addition of ultrasonic cavitation and cleaning. A high powered laser applies heat to a weld joint to produce a melt. The output of the laser, or a second laser, is amplitude modulated to generate acoustic waves...     

A system is provided for welding a workpiece (10, FIG. 1) along a predetermined weld line (12) that may be of irregular shape, which includes the step of forming a lip (32) on the workpiece to extend parallel to the weld line, and moving the workpiece by engaging the lip between a pair of rotatable members...     

In securing a semiconductor chip to a substrate of ceramic material or the like, a de-focused laser beam having a wave length to which the substrate is substantially opaque is directed over a relatively large area of the reverse side of the substrate. Heat generated at the reverse side of the substrate...     

An arrangement for laser beam welding wherein at least one of the components being welded is formed of a material which is substantially transparent to radiation at the wavelength of the laser welding beam. A layer of welding material is placed over the surface area of the weld joint, and is a type of...     

Solder wire attached along its length to a base metal by a small quantity of solder melted at the solder-base metal juncture.

A method for selectively heating an insulating layer on a semiconductor structure by a high energy transient radiation source to a temperature sufficient to cause reflow without any significant heating of the regions adjacent to or underlying the insulating layer. In one embodiment a laser tuned to the...     

A rotary shaft for compressor includes a cylindrical shaft body and a cylindrical eccentric member. The shaft body is rotatably arranged in an outer box of the compressor and is connected to an electric motor at one end portion thereof. The eccentric member has a through hole extending along the axis...     

A method of welding two HY-steel members to produce a weld joint having improved impact toughness. The surface to be welded are first machined, roto-blasted and cleaned with acetone. Then, an insert of Inconel 600 is provided and cleaned with acetone. Next, the Inconel 600 insert is introduced between...     

A method of soldering electrical lead strands (of a width at least 0.3 inch) to a printed electrical path is disclosed. The path is planted on an alumina ceramic substrate and a solder pad is attached to a portion of the path. A flat surface portion of each lead strand is forced into full interengagement...     

A laser pipe welder/cutter for use where a pipe to be welded or cut cannot be rotated, consisting of a focusing head mounted on a carriage which runs on a track surrounding a hole in a base plate through which a section of pipe to be operated upon can project. The focusing head is arranged to maintain...     

Apparatus and method for bonding surfaces together. A laser beam is applied to the opening in a bonding tip. The bonding tip includes a central cavity forming a black body tapered from the opening to a second tip end. The heated tip end is applied to the fuseable surfaces in either a thermocompression...     

A method for producing microinterconnections including the steps of providing a first support member bearing electrical circuit elements including first electrical contacts and first electrical traces, providing a second support member bearing electrical circuit elements including second electrical contacts...     

The slots for accommodating feather seals in the turbine vanes of a gas turbine engine has the end thereof sealed off by use of weld wire inserted into the slot and simultaneously welded and cut to the required length.

A bearing assembly comprising a preloaded and adjusted rolling bearing having two rows of rolling elements, the races thereof being integral with attachment flanges, while the inner race is connected by means of an electron or laser beam weld to the outer ring of a homokinetic coupling, wherein the outer...     

A method of manufacturing a solar battery by serially connecting a plurality of solar battery elements arranged spaced from each other. A pair of flexible films are used to sandwich the arrangement of the solar battery elements, and each of the flexible films has a plurality of conductive members formed...     

In the bumped-tape automated bonding process for connecting leads to a semi-conductor circuit device, it is known to form the bumps on the free ends of the conductive leads of the tape by plating or etching. In the present invention, the free ends of the leads on the tape are heated by means of a laser...     

An automated program controlled discrete soldering system for plated holes of a printed wiring board, having a crucible for holding a discrete amount of solder and operable to travel in a substantial vertical path to a soldering position beneath the board. The solder is metered and deposited in the crucible...     

A process is disclosed for bonding multi-layer sheet structure by using controlled depth laser welding. The laser energy may be applied in stages, whereby the inner sheets are first welded together and, the outer sheets are then joined thereto. The sheets are thereafter expanded to form the desired structure....     

A process for attaching silver-bearing body electrodes of a multi-layer capacitor blank to a terminating material by using high-intensity heat source to fuse the terminal material to the capacitor blank and body electrode edges exposed on the surface of said blank. A particular advantage is avoidance...     

The plasma cutting system of the invention includes a constant height plasma arc cutter, a rolling table and a plasma cutter carrying gantry driven from opposite sides. The rolling table is rolled from a loading position where metal sheets are positioned thereon to a cutting position beneath the plasma...     

Contiguous metal plates are welded together without special edge preparation or bevelling e.g. of cut edges 13 from one side using a focussed high intensity laser beam 7. To ensure maintenance of welding conditions even when the plate edges are spaced apart by cutting imperfections or the like a wire...     

An improved method is disclosed for producing a welded joint between galvanized steel sheet members utilizing a laser beam or the like. Surface regions of the galvanized member in the weld zone are selectively pretreated to remove the zinc coating and apply a nickel-base coating. The nickel coating avoids...     

A method is disclosed for the welding of two or more glassy metallic ribbons into a monolithic or composite glassy metallic body. The method includes the step of drawing the ribbons in converging fashion through a nip between two high speed rotating rollers. A heat source is generated with a series of...     

A hermetically sealed optical fiber tube and process of fabrication. The hermetically sealed tube is fabricated from rolled wires into shaped sectors such that when the sections are joined a cylindrical tube is formed having a sufficient inside diameter to accept one or a plurality of buffered optical...     

A laser beam is used to weld two or more overlapping layers of metal together. The beam is applied through tubular clamping elements which engage and squeeze the metal layers to be welded. By inserting an inert gas within the tubular elements, an oxygen-free weld zone may be obtained. The laser beam...     

A method of welding together aluminum alloy workpieces of the same aluminum alloy, and comprises disposing a selected alloying metal on the workpiece in the desired weld area, locally heating the workpieces in the weld area to form a localized liquid solution, and solidifying the localized liquid solution...     

A heat sensitive electrical component is hermetically sealed within a glass sleeve by focusing a laser beam on the circumferential ends of the glass sleeve which abut the side wall edges of metal end caps on each opposed end of said component. The glass sleeve absorbs sufficient heat from the focused...     

A novel multiple spot laser welding apparatus includes a bendable mirror capable of deformation, which receives a laser beam at a single reflective surface thereof. A deformation device deforms the single reflective surface of the bendable mirror to provide a plurality of laser sub-beams to a workpiece,...     

A conductor path is formed by providing an insulating substrate having a surface region which is formed of an insulating composition. The insulating composition contains an organic polymeric material and at least one metal source. The metal source is a metallic powder and/or an organic compound chemically...     

A composite member is made by fitting a functional member constituted by an aluminum composite material capable of providing a desired target function to a recess of a base material constituted by an aluminum alloy and provided with the recess on the surface required to exhibit the desired target function....     

Fine wires are soldered without flux to solder pads on a flexible circuit of a workpiece by a laser. The laser beam is aligned and moved over the solder pad to describe a rectangle by movement of mirrors on a programmed, motor driven X-Y-Z linear table. Wires are deeply sunk into the solder pads by the...     

Virgin metal and metal alloy components are welded with and without filler material using a laser without cleaning the surfaces to be joined of mill scale and/or surface oxides, paints grease and other forms of contamination, and without edge preparation. The uncleaned, unprepared surfaces are placed...     

A laser welding method and apparatus for welding stacked coated members in which voids in the welds are positively eliminated. A spacer is disposed between the two members to be welded. This provides a path for discharging gas formed by heating the coating material. The method and apparatus of the invention...     

A method to relieve peripheral stresses in molten pools of metal formed during laser welding by locating the molten pool with a portion of its periphery adjacent an open area.

A method for welding a metallic conductor wire to a metallic fixture is characterized by introducing the wire into an opening in the fixture such that the axis of the portion of the wire within the fixture extends linearly therethrough and such that the axis of the welding beam extends substantially...     

A scanner for industrial laser machines, which comprises a housing (1) acmodating a movable scanning element (4) a means (12) for inducing mechanical oscillations of the scanning element (4), which is mechanically connected to the housing (1), and a measuring transducer (19) responding to the mechanical...     

This disclosure describes a method and apparatus in the manufacture of flat tension mask cathode ray tubes, for detecting the edges of a mask receiving surface in a plane, recording its coordinates and subsequently delineating the path of an attachment device for permanently affixing a tensed foil shadow...     

This disclosure describes a method and associated apparatus, in the manufacture of flat tension mask cathode ray tubes, for detecting the edges of a mask receiving surface in a plane, identifying its coordinates and subsequently delineating the path of an attachment device for permanently affixing a...     

A method for the thermal welding of contiguous sheet metal elements comprising the steps of directing a defocussed laser beam at the joint formed therebetween so as to plasticize the areas thereof proximate thereto with a substantial portion of the energy thereof, and simultaneously feeding a powdered...     

A nuclear reactor fuel rod end plug (100) is adapted to be welded within each end of a nuclear reactor fuel rod cladding tube, especially by means of laser beam welding techniques, although TIG welding techniques may also be employed, wherein an annular groove (126) is defined about the external periphery...     

A 3-25 mm metal plate 22, 27, usually ferrous, is welded by a heavy-duty laser (5-25 kw) which melts through the plate and into a support member 24, 31 below to give a unitary weld. A gas supply to the laser beam focus is provided such that on the one hand the plasma is retained at least partially near...     

A method for welding galvanized material including a low vapor pressure mild steel core and a high vapor pressure rich zinc coating includes the steps of arranging components of such galvanized material in juxtaposed relationship at a lapped joint; and applying a high density laser energy beam along...     

A laser welding technique for joining two parts together, the parts having contacting faces which define an interfacial region. One part is permeable to a laser beam directed toward and focused on the interfacial region, the face of the other part having light-disruptive characteristics whereby when...     

Laser soldering in a tape automated bonding procedure is carried out on outer ends of a number of high density leads (72) printed on a film (78) of mylar and having inner ends connected to a circuit chip (70). The outer ends of the leads are soldered, without the use of flux, by application of heat and...     

The automatic soldering method and related device of this invention can perform both spot soldering and continuous soldering at any soldering position through the application of heat to both the soldering spot and the string solder, using as a heating means, a light beam such as a laser beam. This thus...     

A butt welding method is disclosed, which comprises abutting a pair of steel sheets and welding the abutting surfaces by opposing electrodes while preventing gaps from developing between the widthwise outer portions of said steel sheets by suppressing rotational deformation of the abutting surfaces in...     

A three stage beam welding method is provided which is particularly useful for reliably joining two bulky, irregularly configured workpieces requiring a deep weld. The method is especially well suited for joining a piece to replace a broken or damaged portion of a tool to the tool body. In accordance...     

The present invention provides a method for applying a hardface alloy coating on a metal substrate concurrently with a nitriding procedure so that the hardface coating is deposited and nitrided in one step. The deposition of the metal hardface coating is conducted in an atmosphere of nitrogen under nitriding...     

An assist gas control method is provided for a CNC laser machining device including a combination of a laser beam machine and a numerical control apparatus (CNC). The kind, mixing ratio, pressure, and flow rate of a assist gas are controlled by instructions from a machining program, and a numerical control...     

A laser soldering system wherein a plurality of laser beams are simultaneously directed to a plurality of spatially separate locations on a printed circuit board for simultaneously soldering. Each of the laser beams is formed by combining the outputs of a plurality of fiber cables, each of which is connected...     

First and second metallic components are joined along a weld path by providing a beam of coherent electromagnetic energy having sufficient power to melt the first and second components and providing a low turbulent flow of an inert shielding gas over a weld region along a portion of the weld path. The...     

A vision system for automating a machine process. The system includes a conventional CCD camera and a vision processor which automatically determines process parameters from a workpiece surface by generating an image of the workpiece surface, transducing the workpiece image into electrical signals, and...     

An electronic device (10) is surface mounted to bonding pads (11) of a substrate (12) by first mounting the device within an aperture (24) of a glass plate (17). The leads (14) of the electronic device are coated with solder and pressed onto the bonding pads by the reusable glass plate (17). While pressing...     

A method for soldering a lead to a pad having a solder plate formed thereon is described. In one embodiment of the method, a tape is disposed between the lead and a laser source, and the method includes the steps of aligning the lead with the solder plated pad, transmitting a beam from the laser source...     

A method of manufacturing a magnetron anode. A plurality of anode vanes, having end faces to be welded, are radially arranged in an anode cylinder, and then laser beams are radiated from the outside of the cylinder, for welding the vanes and the cylinder such that 20-90% of the entire area of each of...     

An effective, convenient, economical and safe system for installing and removing multi-sided gull-wing semiconductor devices from circuit boards without damaging the semiconductor device is provided. The solder removal system is formed by the combination of a surmo-multi-sided wick formed from welded...     

A horn for coupling high frequency vibrations from an electroacoustic converter unit to a workpiece, such as is used for welding thermoplastic workpieces by ultrasonic vibrations, is constructed by machining sections of the horn and welding the sections together using electron beam welding or laser beam...     

A first plate member is insetted at its end portion between a body part and a return part of a second plate member. A first swelling part is formed at the end portion of the first plate member so as to protrude to a side of the return part of the second plate member. A second swelling part is formed...     

A continuous laser beam welding process is provided in which galvanized steel sheet members having buried zinc-coated bonding surface regions are welded in an oxygen-enriched region, reducing the porosity in the product weld nugget.

A process for laser welding is described where two adjacent focal spots are used in the welding of metals or plastics. The position of these two focal spots are predetermined as to separation and orientation relative to the direction of travel. In the case of making a butt joint between two pieces of...     

A method is provided for brazing of porous metallic materials while avoiding wicking of braze material away from the braze joint. The porous material is locally melted and solidified to provide solid material in the region of the braze joint. The braze joint is machined in this solidified material. Brazing...     

To produce precision laser weld joints at weld sites on a workpiece, a TV camera views each weld site through the laser beam optics, and the video output is stored as pixel data in a frame grabber memory. A computer processes the pixel data in accordance with an algorithm to locate the position of the...     

A method of joining a covering layer (9) onto a substrate (10) comprises placing part of the covering layer (9) on the substrate (10) with the remaining part of the covering layer spaced from the substrate so as to expose a region of contact (5) between the covering layer and substrate. A focussed power...     

In a method of manufacturing a laminated magnetic core by laser welding successive core sheets, the core sheets are stacked one on another to form a stacked body of core sheets, and while the stacked body of core sheets is moved in a stepwise manner in a thickness direction perpendicular to a surface...     

The laser beam welding of a spacer grid assembly is accomplished by dividing a laser beam (21) into at least two beam segments (37). These beam segments (37) are then routed around the mixing vanes (31) and focused below the vanes (31). The focus and coincidence (34) of the beam segments (37) may be...     

A method of laser welding steel sheets that have a thin corrosion protective coating of zinc. The steel sheets are positioned vertically. A laser beam, which is positioned normal to the sheets is applied to the sheets to melt the material of the sheets and create a weld. During welding, the sheets and...     

A method of welding bearing retainer rings comprising the steps of: assembling two annular metal retainer rings and a plurality of bearing balls, each retainer ring having a plurality of ball pockets spaced about the ring, the ball pockets of one retainer ring being aligned with the ball pockets of the...     

A method of laser welding steel sheets that have a thin corrosion protective coating of zinc. The steel sheets are positioned vertically. A pulsed laser beam, which is positioned normal to the sheets is applied to the sheets to melt the material of the sheets and create a weld. During welding, the laser...     

A device and method for butt-welding metal strips using a laser is disclosed. The present invention utilizes clamping bridges to selectively grip the metal strips to be welded together. The ends of the metal strips are first prepared for welding by severing the ends using a movable laser. After the prepared...     

Fusible sheet edges are joined by first forming each of the edges with a laterally projecting burr and then butting the edges together at a join line with both the burrs directed in the same lateral direction adjacent each other and plastically deforming the laterally projecting burrs at the join line...     

A method of inhibiting shrinkage related cracking of a weld joint during a weld solidification process comprising the steps of: applying a power beam against abutting surfaces of metal pieces to be welded with an intensity sufficient to cause a predetermined portion of the metal on the pieces to become...     

The present invention relates to a method of soldering electronic components to each other. When a member to be bonded is soldered to a base material by irradiating the member to be bonded with laser lights, the laser lights are incident upon a laser light transmittable probe and are emitted from the...     

This disclosure relates to laser bonding electrical components having conductive elements which are naturally reflective of the laser beam wavelength. Component leads or pads which are made of copper or have a gold coating, for example, will reflect the wavelength of an Nd:YAG laser, making it difficult...     

A monitoring system monitors a laser process which delivers energy from a laser source to a workpiece along a process path while producing plasma at a beam delivery point along the path. An infrared radiation detector is positioned for receiving infrared radiation from a point behind and in close proximity...     

A laser beam is directed toward a rotating metallic tube having a fin helically wound about and welded to its surface by a high frequency welding process. The laser beam generates heat in the tube to supplement the heat induced by resistance to electrical current flow to create a proper temperature in...     

A monitoring system monitors a laser process which delivers energy from a laser source (10) to a workpiece (18) along a process path while producing plasma at a beam delivery point (22) along the path. A light detector (26) is positioned for receiving light emitted from the plasma. The detector (26)...     

An apparatus comprises a fixture for positioning a first sheet metal part in proximity of a second sheet metal part so that each sheet metal part has one surface facing the other sheet metal part across a gap and one surface facing away from the other sheet metal part, wherein at least one of the sheet...     

The invention relates to an electrode for electrolysis, whose front side comprises a plurality of substantially parallel channels (2) defined by substantially parallel threads (1) of electrically conducting material, which are attached to and in electric contact with the underlying electrode structure...     

The laser brazing of the present invention offers the unique advantage of producing a high temperature hermetic bond while limiting the heat affected zone to the region of the joint. Laser brazing joins infrared (IR) and radio frequency (RF) ceramic materials to metals for radome applications. Using...     

A sliding contact producing method is provided wherein noble metal balls are easily positioned on a metal plate; the weld strength between the noble metal ball and the metal plate can be obtained sufficiently; and a noble metal mounting jig can be prevented from damage when the metal plate is beam-welded...